Richard L. “Dick” Lueck
October 9, 1947 – March 11, 2025
Born to Eternal Life on Tuesday, March 11, 2025 at the age of 77. Loving father of Joseph (Tracie) Lueck. Cherished grandfather of Ashlynn Lueck and Austin (Lexi) Mottl. Beloved brother of Maragaret (Butch) Giese and Suzanne (the late Donald) Rudolph. Dear brother-in-law of Duane Habeck. Special companion of Donna Somers and her two sons, Brian and Jason and her many grandchildren. Further survived by nieces, nephews, other relatives, his biking buddies and many other friends. Dick is preceded in death by his wife Jeanne, parents Norman and Laura and sister Charlotte Habeck.
Dick was a family man. He enjoyed the outdoors including hunting, fishing, his weekend motorcycle rides and his trips to Door County. He was also a proud US Army and Vietnam Veteran and was active with Horne Mudlitz VFW Post 6377 in Sussex.
Visitation will be on Saturday, March 15 from 4PM until time of Funeral Service at 6PM at Schmidt and Bartelt Funeral Home – Sussex; W250 N6505 Hwy 164. Burial with military honors will take place on Sunday, March 16 at 10AM at Sunnyside Cemetery in Lannon. Please meet at the cemetery. In lieu of flowers, memorials in Dick’s name to the Horne Mudlitz VFW Post are greatly appreciated.
Janet R. “Jan” Rude
January 16, 1939 – March 10, 2025
Jan went home to be with Jesus, peacefully at age 86. Beloved mother of Laura Holmes, Linda (Mike) Johannes & John Rude. Known as Grandma by her Grandkids Joshua (Abby) Delaney, Corey (Katelyn) Holmes, Shauna (Melany) Holmes, Joshua (Cassidy) Wennesheimer Anna (Craig) Snowden, Thea Wennesheimer and Jennifer Leitzke-Rude. Great grandkids Charlie, Jett, Dominic, Drayk, Kaleb, Xander, Jocelyn, Karleen & Linkin. Sister-In-Law to Bob Rude, Helen Rude, Bill Rude and Carolann Rude, and many nieces, nephews, relatives and friends.
Preceded in death by her husband Arthur Rude, Son-In-Law Alan Holmes, Brother Russ (Bev) Voss, Sister Elmira (Stanley) Kubusek, Sister Joyce (Ken) Kossow, Brother Gordie (Lila) Voss, Brother-In-Law Charles Edward Rude, Sisters-In-Law Sandy Rude, Maxine Rude, Mary (Chet) Nowak and other relatives.
Jan was born in Milwaukee, the youngest of 5 children. Family and friends were the cornerstone of her life in Sussex. She and Art lived in their Sussex home for over 60 years and were a staple in the community. Jan raised 3 kids and was a big part of her grandkid’s lives. Gram was never too old to have fun with them. She was a great neighbor, homemaker, baker, gardener (known for her beautiful flower beds), a cook in the kitchen at Hamilton High School and school bus driver. If you lived in the Hamilton School District, she might have driven you or your kids to school.
Jan was a girl scout leader, band mom and the Red Hatters Queen Mother for a season. She was loved dearly by all who knew her and were recipients of her care, kindness and giving spirit. Jan (Mom) will be greatly missed, but we are excited that her faith in Jesus has reunited her with Him, Art and those who have gone before her!
Celebration of Life: Saturday, March 29th, 10:00 -11:15 AM. Service 11:30 AM, Luncheon to follow.
Northbrook Church 4014 HWY 167 Richfield WI 53076
In Lieu of Flowers, donations can be made to the Village of Sussex, Memo: Sussex Senior Program – Village of Sussex Attn: Halie Dobbeck N64 W23760 Main St, Sussex, WI 53089
Arthur F. “Art” Taylor
May 8, 1928 – March 9, 2025
Christine Toryfter
March 26, 1953 – February 21, 2025
Menomonee Falls –Christine Toryfter (nee Niksa) age 71, was taken away much too soon on Friday, February 21, 2025. Christine was born in Mragowo, Poland, on March 26, 1953, to Ignacy and Boleslawa Niksa.
Christine was the rock of her entire family. Her love had no bounds. Taking care of everyone was her greatest joy. Her heart was left shattered by the loss of her beloved husband, Walter, just two short years ago. She had just begun to embrace the next chapter of her life. From weekly line dancing to recently learning to play Mahjong, she was vibrant and active every day. She cherished her friendships and looked forward to meeting her girlfriends for lunch or spending the day together. Her brother and sister-in-law were her dearest friends; their relationship was beyond special. Her eight grandchildren brought her so much joy. She rarely missed a sporting event or a school function. She was always there when any of them needed her. For her sons and two daughters-in-law, she was a best friend, an advice giver, and the best listener. She was the person they all went to when they just needed a hug. She was so excited for the first family vacation coming up in March. The hole that is left in everyone’s heart will never be filled.
Christine is survived by her sons Daniel, Michael (Melissa), and Joseph (Kristin); grandsons Conner, Colin, Dylan, Shane, Gavin, and Colton; granddaughters Estella and Addison; extended family locally Ted (Cindy) Niksa, Miroslaw (Anna) Swiercz, and all family in California, Florida, Illinois and Poland. Christine was preceded in death by her loving husband, Walter Toryfter, her mother Boleslawa (Babcia) Niksa, her father Ignacy (Dziadek) Niksa, and her brother Jan Niksa.
Visitation will be held on Friday, February 28, 2025, from 9AM until time of the 11AM Mass of Christian Burial at St. James Catholic Church, W220N6588 Town Line Road, Menomonee Falls, WI.
Mary Elaine Gaar
May 17, 1949 – February 15, 2025
Mary Elaine (nee Hicks) Gaar released her hold on the threads of this life and went into the arms of her Creator on February 15, 2025. A long-time resident of Sussex, Wisconsin, Mary passed away at home surrounded by her family following a brief battle with pancreatic cancer.
Mary is survived by her beloved husband Paul. They met on a blind date, and she knew right away that he was the one for her. They were married on August 20, 1977, and had 47 years of adventures together. She is the cherished mother of Carolyn (Mark Szuminski) Gaar, Kathryn (James Mann) Gaar, and David (Jennifer) Gaar. She adored her grandchildren, too, and kept the pantry stocked with snacks and kept toys and art supplies on hand for fun times. Abigail, Ashlyn, Blake, Josephine, and Jordan will miss you, Grandma.
Mary, the eldest in a set of twin girls, was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in May 1949 to John and Lucille Hicks. She was preceded in death by her loving parents, her older brother John Hicks, and sister-in-law Margie Hicks. She is survived by her twin sister Margaret (Ed) Ellenbecker and brother David (Tammy) Hicks, and by many, many nieces and nephews and grandnieces and grandnephews, and cousins, and brothers-and sisters-in-law.
Mary moved through the world as though every stranger was just a friend she hadn’t met yet. She loved to get to know people and connect with them. She remembered their names, their stories, and was able to see what it was about people that made them special. She had a magnetic smile and laugh that lit up the room.
Mary was an accomplished quilter, sewist, and crafter. While most of her skills and pursuits were self-taught, Mary learned how to make pieced quilts from her mother in law, Mary A. Gaar. This became a passion and a talent of Mary’s for the rest of her life, and she crafted and gifted many personalized quilts to family members and friends.
Mary was the consummate teacher. She graduated from Mount Mary College in 1972 with a degree in Elementary Education and then taught fourth and sixth grades at Holy Ghost Catholic School and St. Catherine’s Catholic School in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. As children, we knew that we couldn’t get away with sloppy work – she would check it and make sure it passed muster or we’d have to do it again (but she was also always there, next to us at the kitchen table, helping us get it done). She loved teaching and continued sharing her knowledge until the end of her life through her love of crafting.
In lieu of flowers, memorials to St. Jude’s Children’s Research Hospital are appreciated. We are blessed to have had Mary in our lives, and her absence will be felt keenly.
Evening Visitation will take place at Schmidt and Bartelt Funeral Home (N84W17937 Menomonee Ave, Menomonee Falls, WI) on Friday, February 21, 2025 from 4pm to 6pm with a vigil led by Deacon Lance Tappa at 6pm to conclude the evening. The following day, a brief visitation will take place on Saturday, February 22, 2025 from 9.30am until Time of Memorial Mass at 10am at St. James Catholic Church, W220N6588 Town Line Road, Menomonee Falls, WI. Father Peter Drenzek will be presiding.
Ann Pitzen
August 11, 1939 – January 11, 2025
(nee Turner) Born to Eternal Life on Saturday, January 11, 2025 at the age of 85. Beloved wife of Larry for 63 years. Loving mother of Amy (Dale Damm) Schneider and Jon (Dawn) Pitzen. Cherished grandmother of J.T. Pitzen, Kenzie Medick, Megan Schneider, Marisa Pitzen and great-grandmother of Kendra Knoerr. Dear sister of Una Hull-Smith and sister-in-law of Dixie Hull. Further survived by other relatives and friends. Preceded in death by her parents Richard and Myrtle Hull and brother Gerald Hull.
Ann dedicated her life to connecting the threads of the past with the present. Her passion for genealogy was unmatched; she not only taught genealogy classes but spent countless hours tracing her family lineage back to the Mayflower. Her dedication culminated in the publication of a history book honoring the legacy of her husband Larry’s family. Her research illuminated the stories of ancestors and inspired countless others to embark on their own journeys of discovery.
Beyond genealogy, Ann had a boundless love for crafts. Whether quilting, crocheting, knitting, or creating heartfelt greeting cards, her hands were never idle. She shared her talents generously, teaching quilting classes at church and creating beautiful pieces cherished by all who received them. Her creative spirit was a gift that brightened the lives of her family, friends, and community.
A social butterfly in every sense, Ann was an active member of the Red Hat Ladies before joining the Butterfly Group. For many years, she cherished lunches and activities with her Butterfly Group friends, sharing laughter, stories, and a deep camaraderie. Her days often ended sitting outside with neighbors, enjoying the simple pleasures of conversation and connection.
Professionally, Ann excelled as a travel agent supervisor with AAA, a role that allowed her to explore her love of adventure. She visited 48 states and countless countries, leaving her mark wherever she went. Her travel stories were as rich and vibrant as the life she led.
She spent her time creating scrapbooks of her adventures, but above all else, she loved creating memories with her family and friends. She shared a deep and unwavering love with her husband Larry, to whom she was devoted to for 63 wonderful years of marriage.
Brookdale Sussex Assisted Living as well as St. Croix Hospice staff helped Ann navigate her final months with much care and compassion. For that we would like to thank each and every staff member that personally knew and worked with Ann and who treated her like she was a family member.
Visitation will be on Saturday, February 1, 2025 from 12PM until time of Memorial Service at 2PM at Schmidt & Bartelt Funeral – Menomonee Falls; N84 W17937 Menomonee Ave. In lieu of flowers, donations to the Ann Pitzen Memorial fund can be sent. Family will allocate the funds to various organizations in honor of Ann.
Rita M. Calmes
January 23, 2025
Rita Marie Calmes, age 87, of Sussex WI, went home to be with her Lord & Savior on Thursday, January 23, 2025. Rita was born in Milwaukee Wisconsin, to the late William and Caroline Klein. Left to cherish her memory are her husband of 68 years, Richard Calmes Sr. and her children; Lori (Bob) Schneider, Christine (Kevin) Konkol, David (Vicki) Calmes, Richard Jr. (Maureen) Calmes, Thomas (Trina) Calmes, Randall Calmes, Caroline (Brad) Burns, Donna (Roger) Porter, Kathleen (Kenneth) Nyhouse, Scott (Laurie) Calmes, Mary (Ben) Felda, Steven (Samantha) Calmes; grandchildren Brad (Tosha) Wallner, Brian (Lynn) Wallner, Jake (Ashley) Konkol, Kori (Nick H.) Konkol, Kelsey (Mike) Duncan, Jacob (Victoria Chen) Calmes, Samuel (Lisa) Calmes, Alexandria (Mike) Tribuzio, Austin Calmes, Kylie Spence, Kaitlyn Calmes, Kourtney Calmes, Nathan (Meredith) Burns, Olivia Burns, Danielle Riordan, Christian Porter, Lauren Porter, Jenna (Ben) Kroeger, Evan Nyhouse, Ryan Calmes, Mason Calmes, Devin Felda, Ashley Felda, Ryker Calmes, Amelia Calmes; great grandchildren Kayden Wallner, Carolyn Wallner, Abigail Wallner, Nicole
Wallner, Brenna Wallner, Thallen Wallner, Merrick Wallner, Killian Wallner, Joanna Konkol, Beau Konkol, Lee Duncan, Evelyn Calmes, Maeve Calmes, Colette Calmes, Neiva Riordan, Evelyn Riordan and many cherished brother & sisters-in-laws, nieces and nephews.
Rita’s life was filled with moments that reflected her extraordinary spirit. She was an angel on earth, and now she is an angel in heaven, reunited with those she loved who have gone before her; parents William & Caroline Klein; mother & father in-law Joseph & Marie Calmes; brothers Merlyn Klein, & George Klein; son-in-law Bob Schneider and her two heavenly children, son; Kenneth John Calmes, and daughter; Jane Marie Calmes. Our beloved Rita, a woman whose life was a reflection of love, grace, faith and selflessness. Rita was truly one of a kind, a beautiful song, a melody in our lives: timeless, elegant, and precious beyond words. Her strength and beauty were shaped by patience and a heart full of compassion and love for everyone.
Rita had an incredible ability to make you feel like the most important person in the room, yet somehow, she managed to make all of us feel that way at the same time. Her home was open to everyone. Her warmth and kindness wrapped around everyone she met, leaving us all better for having known her. She was so many things to so many people: a devoted wife, a loving mother, a cherished sister & sister-in-law, an adoring grandmother and great grandmother, and a perfect friend. She was the heartbeat of her family, the kind of person who would drop everything to help, offer a shoulder to lean on, or simply share in our joys and sorrows. Rita didn’t just care about others, she made it her mission to pour her love into every life she touched. Her hugs felt like home, and her presence brought peace and comfort. She gave endlessly and loved without limits, often putting everyone else’s needs before her own. Her beauty-inside and out-was unmatched, and her unwavering faith was a guide for us all.
While our hearts ache with her loss, we take comfort in knowing her love and legacy will carry on in each of us. She was, and will always be, irreplaceable. Rita taught us how to live with grace, give with an open heart, and love without end. She will be missed more than words can say, but her memory will live on, reminding us to love deeply, and have the grace to forgive, just as she did. Visitation will be held at St. James Catholic Church W220 N6588 Town Line Rd, Menomonee Falls, WI 53051 where Rita attended and served faithfully for over 50 years. February 4th 2025, from 9:30 to 11:00am
Funeral Services will be held on February 4th at 11:00 am also at St. James Catholic Church W220 N6588 Town Line Rd, Menomonee Falls, WI 53051. Fr. John Hemsing officiating.
Anton “Tony” Klein
September 9, 1943 – January 10, 2025
Anton “Tony” John Klein, Jr., of Sussex, WI, passed away at his longtime home on January 10, 2025, of natural causes.
Tony was born on September 9th, 1943, to Anton Klein Sr. & Eleanor Schoner. After attending Custer High School until 1960, he enlisted in the United States Army where he served his country overseas until 1963 during the Berlin Crisis.
Upon his return to the United States, he met the love of his life, Kathleen Klein (Hagert). They
would spend the next 60 years together building a successful business and raising their sons
James “Jim” (April) Klein, Richard “Dick” (Debbie) Klein, and Patrick “Pat” Klein, and daughter-inlaw Tammy Klein (Amy Dunn)
They were blessed with their grandchildren, Jaime Klein (Taylor Thompson), and Dustin Klein
(Jenni Perdzock). Tony often lovingly called them each, appropriately, the daughter he never had,
and the fourth son. Grandchildren Michael Seavers, Seth Brecke (Valerie Ross), Austin Aliota
(Marissa Baker) and great grandchildren, Shane Alcorn, Deja Klein, Romeo Klein, and Dustin
Seavers.
He is further survived by fellow siblings Mick (Joan) Klein, and Joanne (Bruce) MacMillan.
Tony was preceded in death by sister Eldine “Dolly” (Louis) Friedman, Mitzie Klein, and brother
Ted Klein, and parents Anton Sr. and Eleanor.
Visitation will be held on Friday, January 17, 2025, from9-11 AM, followed immediately by an
11 AM Mass at ST.JAMES CATHOLIC CHURCH, W220 N6588 Town Line Road, Menomonee
Falls WI.
In lieu of flowers, the family requests donations be made to the Milwaukee Homeless Veterans
Initiative atwww.wisconsinvets.org
Lester J. Plude
April 9, 1935 – December 28, 2024
Entered Eternal Rest on Saturday, December 28, 2024, at the age of 89. Born to Arthur and Dorothy Plude in Oconto, WI, he graduated from Oconto High School with the Class of 1953.
Lester met his true love, Patricia, at a dance hall in Oconto, WI. They married on June 25, 1955. Together, they created a beautiful life, settling in Sussex, WI, where they built their dream home and raised their children.
After 41 years of dedicated service to Evinrude Motors, Lester retired and decided to embark on a new chapter with the Village of Sussex in their Parks Department.
His hobbies included spending time with family and friends, traveling the U.S. with his sweetheart Patti, watching baseball games in the park, gardening, watching the Packers beat the Bears, and wondering why the Brewers never went back to the World Series after 82.
Les left a lasting legacy as a devoted family man and friend, always willing to lend a helping hand. His loved ones will deeply cherish the memories they shared with him.
Lester is survived by his loving children Pamela (late Daniel) Connerton, Diane Rivard, and Marc Plude; grandchildren James (Rachel) Yesko, Jaclyn Yesko, Katherine Connerton(Benjamin Riggs), and Carole (Matthew) Sherwood; great- grandchildren Haleigh Yesko, Donovan Yesko, Lilyana Yesko, Madelyn Sherwood, and Theo Sherwood.
He was preceded in death by his beloved wife Patricia, grandson Michael Yesko, parents Arthur and Dorothy, and siblings Donald and Verda Mae.
The family wishes to extend heartfelt appreciation to the caregivers at The Courtyard at Sussex, Brookdale Sussex, and Aurora Zilber Family Hospice for their compassionate care.
Visitation will be held at Schmidt & Bartelt in Sussex on Thursday, January 2, 2025, from 10am until time of funeral service at 12pm. Burial will immediately follow at St. James Rose Hill Cemetery in Sussex.
In lieu of flowers, memorials to the family are appreciated.
Dori Bibo
November 1, 1949 – December 19, 2024
Our beloved wife, mother, grandma, sister, auntie, and friend was called to rest by the Lord on December 19, 2024.
Dori graced this world on November 1, 1949, and was one of eight siblings. Growing up on a dairy farm in Kiel, WI, she learned the values of hard work, faith, and family that would guide her throughout her life.
Dori is survived by her adoring husband, Tom. Most loving and thoughtful mom to Tim (Erin), Andy (Mandy), and Nick. Sweetest grandma to Nicole, Lily, Reid, Tommy, and Mara. Dori is also survived by her siblings: John Meyer, Terri Lundburg, Dennis Meyer, Richard Meyer, Pete Meyer, Kay Whitney, brother-in-law Terry Bibo, and many dear family members and friends. Preceded in death by her parents Walter and Loretta Meyer, in-laws Bob and Bernice Bibo, her sister Joan Keuler, and nephew Santo Ingrilli.
A mass will be held on Monday, December 23, 2024, at 11:00 am at ST JAMES CATHOLIC CHURCH, W220N6588 Town Line Road, Menomonee Falls, WI 53051, with visitation from 9:30 to 11 am. Luncheon to follow at Hot House Tavern in Menomonee Falls. At a future date, Dori’s ashes will be interred in a private ceremony at ST. JAMES CEMETERY.
In lieu of flowers, memorials suggested to St. Ben’s, Franciscan Peacemakers, Salvation Mission Warehouse (New Holstein), or St. Vincent De Paul.
Dori was a faithfully devoted wife, mother, grandma, and friend. Her generous spirit will be deeply missed and remain in us forever. We love you a bushel and a peck!!
Patricia M. “Pat” Ziegler (nee Finlan)
May 4, 1934 – December 14, 2024
Born May 4, 1934 in Menominee, MI. Entered God’s Kingdom on December 14, 2024, surrounded by her family’s love. Preceded in death by John, her loving husband of over 60 years. Survived by her children Chris (Margaret), Brian (Maureen), Mary (James Stinnett), Mike (Gail), and Mark (Dawn). Further survived by her grandchildren Zachary and Meghan Ziegler, Maddy, Colleen, Sarah (Collin Clyne), and Peter Ziegler, Alec (Kristy), Taylor (Sabrina), and Michael (Emily) Stinnett, Amanda (Louis Venti), Dan (Kynsea), and Steven (Mariah Rossebo) Ziegler, Melissa Ziegler and 6 great grandchildren. Sisters Ann (Andy) Freberg and Mary Jo (James) Landry. Also preceded in death by her parents and three brothers.
Born in Menominee but from Trenary, MI, Pat was a Yooper at heart until her first move to attend the Gale Institute in Minneapolis, MN in 1951. She soon became the Secretary to the VP of the Truck Crane Division at Harnischfeger Corporation in Escanaba, MI where she met her husband, John. Married in 1957, Pat and John lived briefly in Milwaukee before moving to Menomonee Falls and eventually settling in the Town of Lisbon. Pat was a stay-at-home Mom who was very active in her children’s schools and clubs until she began work at J&L Fiber Services in Waukesha where she was the Engineering Secretary until her retirement. Once retired, Pat and John enjoyed spending time traveling and spending time with their kids and grandkids.
As a mother, Pat was an incredible role model. She did everything with a heart full of love as nothing was more important than her husband and children. Five kids in six years kept her busy with everything a large family would need to keep going! She juggled schedules of everyone without missing a beat or paying less attention to any of her children-and made sure everyone was prepared to meet the day. She was proud of her grandchildren and enjoyed the many family gatherings that brought us all together where we shared great food and a lot of laughs. She was truly one of a kind.
A visitation will be held on Friday, January 3 at St. James Catholic Church, W220 N6588 Town Line Rd., Menomonee Falls from 10 AM until the time of the Mass of Christian Burial at 12 Noon. Burial will follow mass at St. James Rosehill Cemetery, Sussex with reception to follow. The family would like to extend their great appreciation to the loving Staffs at Kirkland Crossings in Pewaukee and Agrace Hospice for their wonderful all-around care. In lieu of flowers, donations to Agrace Foundation, 5395 E. Cheryl Parkway, Madison, WI 53711 would be appreciated.
Kathleen (Kathy) Schmik-Hahn
May 13, 1956 – November 11, 2024
Of Sussex. Born to Eternal Life on November 11, 2024, age 68 years. Beloved wife of Bill Hahn. Dear mother of Liz Hahn. Loving daughter of Carol Shimek and the late Robert Shimek. Amazing sister of Cindy Singsheim, Lauri (Dave) Endisch and Janet (Dave) Teske. Also survived by nieces, nephews, great-nieces, great-nephews, other relatives and friends.
Kathy was a dietician for multiple organizations for over 40 years. She was an avid volunteer at St. James Catholic Church, Sussex Outreach Center and Sussex Lions Club.
Funeral Mass Wednesday, November 20, 2:00 PM at St. James Catholic Church, N220 W6588 Town Line Rd., Menomonee Falls. The family requests that you wear casual attire.
In lieu of flowers, memorials to Aurora At Home Hospice would be appreciated.
Stanley L. “Stan” “Stash” Kasprzak
October 31, 1928 – November 11, 2024
Of Menomonee Falls, November 11,2024, Age 96 years. Beloved husband of the late Arlene “Mitzie”. Loving father of Lorraine Murans, Paul (Karla) Kasprzak, Peter (Mary) Kasprzak, Peter Berry, and Michael (Jodie Lehner) Berry; grandfather of, Jordan (Amber) Kasprzak and Danielle Kasprzak. Further survived by many nieces, nephews, other relatives and friends.
Stanley was born on October 31, 1928, a son of the late Charles and Stella (nee Probulis) Kasprzak. known as Stan or Stash, he was a hardworking man that worked as a Diesel Engine Foreman for many years. A devoted son, husband, father, and friend, he was always there for others. He had a kind heart and a gentle spirit and will be dearly missed by all who knew him. Stanley proudly served his country in the United States Army.
A Memorial Mass will be celebrated Wednesday, November 20, 2024, at 11am at St. James Catholic Church, W220 N6588 Town Line Rd. Menomonee Falls. The family will greet friends from 10AM until the time of the Mass AT THE CHURCH. Inurnment with Military Honors will immediately follow the Mass at St. James-Rosehill Cemetery in Sussex (please meet at the cemetery). A luncheon will follow. In lieu of flowers, memorials to the Wounded Warrior Project or to the St. James Catholic Church are appreciated.